Eating Habits and Lifestyle Practice of Young Adults in Karachi, Pakistan; a Cross-Sectional Survey
Eating Habits of Young Adults
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54393/df.v5i2.129Keywords:
Cardiovascular Disease, Obesity, Eating Habits, LifestyleAbstract
Each year in Pakistan about 35% to 40% of deaths occur due to cardiovascular disease that is mainly caused by decreased physical activity and unhealthy food consumption. Obesity among young people is a serious public health issue because it is frequently associated with multiple metabolic syndromes. Objective: To determine young adults' eating habits and lifestyle practices and compare this among male and female genders. Methods: A total of 249 participants aged between 18 to 25 years young adults were recruited from different universities using a non-probability convenient sampling technique. The participants' eating habits and lifestyle practices were analyzed using a self-designed questionnaire. Results: Among 249 students, 43.8% were male 56.2% were female. Statistically, there was a significant difference found between the two genders in the consumption of water (p<0.001), and meal consumption daily (p=0.007), Eating habits after joining university (p=0.44), thinking of physically strong (p=0.001), Physical inactivity (p<0.001) and their preferred living place in leisure time (p<0.001). Conclusions: This study concluded that most of the female were involved in unhealthy dietary habits concerning skipping meals and having fast food, whereas there is no difference found between genders in their physical activity. However further research should be conducted to explore the relation of eating habits and lifestyle in gender
References
Rhodes RE, Janssen I, Bredin SS, Warburton DE, Bauman A. Physical activity: Health impact, prevalence, correlates and interventions. Psychology and Health. 2017 Aug; 32(8): 942-75. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2017.1325486. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2017.1325486
Rippe JM. Lifestyle medicine: the health-promoting power of daily habits and practices. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine. 2018 Nov; 12(6): 499-512. doi: 10.1177/1559827618785554. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1559827618785554
Chen S, Yang L, Yang Y, Shi W, Stults-Kolehmainen M, Yuan Q, et al. Sedentary behavior, physical activity, sleep duration, and obesity risk: Mendelian randomization study. PLoS ONE. 2024; 19(3). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300074
Fabian M, Hamdan H, Hatt J, Johnson M. The Current Mediterranean Diet: Assessing Food Culture of Perrotis College Students. Academia. 2019 Apr.
Naheeda P, Sharifullah K, Ullah SS, Azeem AM, Shahzad Y, Kinza W. Development of a cost-effective CVD prediction model using lifestyle factors. A cohort study in Pakistan. African Health Sciences. 2020 Jul; 20(2): 849-59. doi 10.4314/ahs.v20i2.39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v20i2.39
Alkazemi D. Gender differences in weight status, dietary habits, and health attitudes among college students in Kuwait: A cross-sectional study. Nutrition and Health. 2019 Jun; 25(2): 75-84. doi: 10.1177/0260106018817410. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0260106018817410
Biddle SJ, Bengoechea García E, Pedisic Z, Bennie J, Vergeer I, Wiesner G. Screen time, other sedentary behaviors, and obesity risk in adults: a review of reviews. Current Obesity Reports. 2017 Jun; 6: 134-47. doi: 10.1007/s13679-017-0256-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-017-0256-9
Anca P. Heterogeneity of Metabolic Syndrome in Diabetes. A retrospective outpatient-based descriptive study. Preprint. 2020 Jun. doi:10.31219/osf.io/7ycr2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/7ycr2
Sa J, Choe S, Cho BY, Chaput JP, Kim G, Park CH et al. Relationship between sleep and obesity among US and South Korean college students. BioMed Central Public Health. 2020 Dec; 20: 1-1. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-8182-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-8182-2
Al-Hazzaa HM and Albawardi NM. Activity energy expenditure, screen time and dietary habits relative to gender among Saudi youth: interactions of gender with obesity status and selected lifestyle behaviors. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2019 Jun; 28(2): 389-400. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.201906_28(2).0022.
Algahtani FD. Healthy Lifestyle among Ha'il University Students, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Allied Sciences. 2020; 9(1-2020): 160-7.
Masella R, Malorni W. Gender-related differences in dietary habits. Clin Manag Issues. 2017;11(2).
Niyaz ÖZGE. Eating habits in terms of gender among Turkish agricultural engineering students: a cross-sectional study. Prog Nutr. 2020;22(2):568-576.
Love HJ, Sulikowski D. Of meat and men: Sex differences in implicit and explicit attitudes toward meat. Front Psychol. 2018; 9:559. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00559
Broussard NH. What explains gender differences in food insecurity? Food Policy. 2019; 83:180-194. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2019.01.003
Juul F, Martinez-Steele E, Parekh N, Monteiro CA, Chang VW. Ultra-processed food consumption and excess weight among US adults. Br J Nutr. 2018;120(1):90-100. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114518001046
Mašina T, Madžar T, Musil V, Milošević M. Differences in health-promoting lifestyle profile among Croatian medical students according to gender and year of study. Acta Clin Croat. 2017;56(1):84-91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20471/acc.2017.56.01.13
Lupi S, Bagordo F, Stefanati A, Grassi T, Piccinni L, Bergamini M, et al. Assessment of lifestyle and eating habits among undergraduate students in northern Italy. Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2015;51(2):154-161.
Lanuza F, et al. A healthy eating score is inversely associated with depression in older adults: Results from the Chilean National Health Survey 2016–2017. Public Health Nutr. 2022;25(10):2864-2875. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980021004869
Ushula TW, Lahmann PH, Mamun A, Wang WY, Williams GM, Najman JM. Lifestyle correlates of dietary patterns among young adults: evidence from an Australian birth cohort. Public Health Nutr. 2021;25(8):2167-2178. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980021003864
Sogari G, Velez-Argumedo C, Gómez MI, Mora C. College students, and eating habits: A study using an ecological model for healthy behavior. Nutrients.2018;10(12):1823. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10121823
Sahrin S, Nila AB, Islam MR, Shoshi M. The Effect of Dietary Practices on the Physical and Mental Well-Being Status of Bangladeshi Adolescents: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study. group. 2022; 16:17.
Romero-Blanco C, Rodríguez-Almagro J, Onieva-Zafra MD, Parra-Fernández ML, Prado-Laguna MDC, Hernández-Martínez A. Physical activity and sedentary lifestyle in university students: changes during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(18):6567. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186567
Hanawi SA, Saat NZM, Zulkafly M, Hazlenah H, Taibukahn NH, Yoganathan D, et al. Impact of a Healthy Lifestyle on the Psychological Well-being of University Students. Int J Pharm Res Allied Sci. 2020;9(2).
Masella R, Malorni W. Gender-related differences in dietary habits. Clin Manag Issues. 2017;11(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.7175/cmi.v11i2.1313
Boraita RJ, Ibort E, Torres JM, Alsina D. Gender differences relating to lifestyle habits and health-related quality of life of adolescents. Child Indic Res. 2020;13(6):1937-1951. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12187-020-09728-6
Ahn Y, Lee Y, Park H, Song K. Gender and age group differences in nutrition intake and dietary quality of Korean adults Beating alone: based on Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data, 2013–2016. Nutr Res Pract. 2021;15(1):66-79. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2021.15.1.66
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 DIET FACTOR (Journal of Nutritional and Food Sciences)
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open-access journal and all the published articles / items are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. For comments