Tech-Driven Evolution of Trait Performance in Oilseed Crops: A Contemporary Perspective: Advancements in Gene Editing Techniques

Zohaib Younas; Ilyas Ahmad; Tayyaba Yousaf; Syed Aoun Abbas Kazmi; Ahmad Hassan; Muhammad Younas; Muhammad Imran; Ubaidur Rahman; Maaz Ahmad; Zia Ur Rehman Mashwani

doi:10.54393/df.v6i1.120

Authors

Zohaib Younas Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Ilyas Ahmad Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Tayyaba Yousaf Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Syed Aoun Abbas Kazmi University Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Ahmad Hassan Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Muhammad Younas Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Muhammad Imran Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Ubaidur Rahman Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Maaz Ahmad Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Zia Ur Rehman Mashwani Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/df.v6i1.120

Keywords:

Clusture Regularly Interspace Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR), Oilseed Crops, Gene Editing, Traditional Breeding, Vector Construction, Agrobacterium Mediated Plant Transformation

Abstract

Targeted nucleases are resilient genomic tools that accurately modify the intended genome of living cells, regulating functioning genes with great precision. Gene editing techniques (GETs), especially CRISPR-cas9, are utilized for genetic manipulation with greater efficacy, versatility, cost-efficiency, and capacity for high-throughput applications in the fields of medicine, biology, agriculture, and biotechnology. It has been successfully used for the treatment of genetic diseases in humans and oilseed crop improvements such as disease resistance, reducing seed shattering, herbicide resistance, and improving oil quality and quantity. The purpose of this review is to summarize the potential application of GETs to bring improvements to oilseed crops. In the current study, three different methodologies to incorporate desire traits in oilseed crops are discussed, mainly for the needs of farmers and consumer demands. The methodologies included conventional plant breeding (CPB), mutagenesis plant breeding (MPB), and the advanced gene editing tool CRISPR-cas9. Ongoing inventions in the agriculture field and in the last decade (ten years) are focused. Results: Mechanistic representation in detail was given for editing plant genomes using various strategies such as PEG-mediated, biolistic, and agro-bacterium-mediated plant transformation. The modification of agricultural crops was required to increase the nation's economic condition. In the future, to overcome food security issues, researchers from multidisciplinary fields can plan their work in oilseed crops or relevant disciplines for the betterment of humanity.

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